CVE-2024-36401: OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools Eval Injection Vulnerability

Reference page built from the source records below, each shown as its source publishes it. Dataset version ref-637c6c57bf45, updated 2026-11-02T23:39:54.475Z.

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities

Name
OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools Eval Injection Vulnerability
Vendor
OSGeo
Product
GeoServer
Added to the catalog
2024-07-15
Due date for US federal agencies
2024-08-05
Weaknesses
CWE-95
Catalog version
2026.10.30

OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools contains an improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code vulnerability due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. This allows unauthenticated attackers to conduct remote code execution via specially crafted input.

Required action (CISA)

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Ransomware use: CISA does not mark known use of this vulnerability in ransomware campaigns.

Links in CISA's notes

Read on 2026-11-02T23:39:54.475Z under licence cisa-kev-cc0@b0067899 from https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json

NVD analysis

Status
Analyzed
Published
2024-07-01T16:15:04.120
Last modified
2026-06-17T07:36:38.833
Weaknesses
CWE-95, CWE-94

GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions.

The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code.

Versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed.

MetricScoreSeverityVectorScored by
CVSS 3.19.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H[email protected] (Secondary)
CVSS 3.19.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H[email protected] (Primary)

References

This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.

Read on 2026-11-02T23:42:15.686Z under licence nvd-api-terms-of-use@ff2a5288 from https://services.nvd.nist.gov/rest/json/cves/2.0?cveId=CVE-2024-36401

CVE record

Title (CNA)
Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in evaluating property name expressions in Geoserver
Assigner
GitHub_M
State
PUBLISHED
Published
2024-07-01T15:25:41.873Z
Updated
2025-10-21T22:56:21.450Z
Problem types
CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions.

The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code.

Versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed.

References

Read on 2026-11-03T02:06:31.394Z under licence cve-terms-of-use@81bfa2f3 from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/main/cves/2024/36xxx/CVE-2024-36401.json

GitHub Advisory Database

GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv: Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in geoserver

Severity (GitHub)
critical
CVSS
9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H
Weaknesses
CWE-94, CWE-95
Published
2024-07-01T20:34:50Z
Updated
2025-10-22T19:25:55Z
  • maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: affected >= 2.24.0, < 2.24.4, first patched 2.24.4
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: affected >= 2.24.0, < 2.24.4, first patched 2.24.4
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: affected >= 2.24.0, < 2.24.4, first patched 2.24.4
  • maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: affected >= 2.25.0, < 2.25.2, first patched 2.25.2
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: affected >= 2.25.0, < 2.25.2, first patched 2.25.2
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: affected >= 2.25.0, < 2.25.2, first patched 2.25.2
  • maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: affected >= 2.23.0, < 2.23.6, first patched 2.23.6
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: affected >= 2.23.0, < 2.23.6, first patched 2.23.6
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: affected >= 2.23.0, < 2.23.6, first patched 2.23.6
  • maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: affected < 2.22.6, first patched 2.22.6
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: affected < 2.22.6, first patched 2.22.6
  • maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: affected < 2.22.6, first patched 2.22.6

### Summary
Multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions.

### Details
The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances.

### PoC
No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests.

### Impact
This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code.

### Workaround

A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed by an extension you are using:

Mitigation for `geoserver.war` deploy:

1. Stop the application server
2. Unzip `geoserver.war` into a directory
3. Locate the file `WEB-INF/lib/gt-complex-x.y.jar` and remove
4. Zip the directory into a new `geoserver.war`
5. Restart the application server

Mitigation for GeoServer binary:

1. Stop Jetty
2. Locate the file `webapps/geoserver/WEB-INF/lib/gt-complex-x.y.jar` and remove
3. Restart Jetty

The following extensions and community modules are known to have a direct dependency on `gt-complex` jar and are not expected function properly without it. This is not comprehensive list and additional GeoServer functionality may be dependent on the availability of `gt-complex` jar:
* Extensions: Application Schema, Catalog Services for the Web, MongoDB Data Store
* Community Modules: Features-Templating, OGC API Modules, Smart Data Loader, SOLR Data Store

Mitigation available for prior releases patching three jars in your existing install:

1. Patched `gt-app-schema`, `gt-complex` and `gt-xsd-core` jars may be downloaded for GeoServer: [2.25.1](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.25.1/geoserver-2.25.1-patches.zip/download), [2.24.3](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.24.3/geoserver-2.24.3-patches.zip/download), [2.24.2](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.24.2/geoserver-2.24.2-patches.zip/download), [2.23.2](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.23.2/geoserver-2.23.2-patches.zip/download), [2.22.2](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.22.2/geoserver-2.22.2-patches.zip/download), [2.21.5](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.21.5/geoserver-2.21.5-patches.zip/download), [2.21.4](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.21.4/geoserver-2.21.4-patches.zip/download),[2.20.7](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.20.7/geoserver-2.20.7-patches.zip/download), [2.20.4](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.20.4/geoserver-2.20.4-patches.zip/download), [2.19.2](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.19.2/geoserver-2.19.2-patches.zip/download), [2.18.0](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.18.0/geoserver-2.18.0-patches.zip/download).

As example the 2.25.1 page links to [geoserver-2.25.1-patches.zip](https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.25.1/geoserver-2.25.1-patches.zip/download) download on source forge.

2. Unzip the `geoserver-x.y.z-patches.zip` which contains three jars that have been patched to configure `commons-jxpath` with an empty function list prior to use. These files are drop-in replacements with identical file names to those they are replacing.

3. Follow the instructions above to locate `WEB-INF/lib` folder and replace the existing `gt-app-schema`, `gt-complex` and `gt-xsd-core` jars with those supplied by the patch.

### References
https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w
https://osgeo-org.atlassian.net/browse/GEOT-7587
https://github.com/geotools/geotools/pull/4797
https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852?tab=readme-ov-file#workaround-for-cve-2022-41852

Read on 2026-11-03T07:52:25.603Z under licence ghsa-cc-by-4.0@9e5f1b3c from https://api.github.com/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv

Also known as / affected packages

GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv

Also known as: CVE-2024-36401. OSV.dev record, GitHub advisory.

  • Maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: introduced 2.24.0, fixed 2.24.4
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: introduced 2.24.0, fixed 2.24.4
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: introduced 2.24.0, fixed 2.24.4
  • Maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: introduced 2.25.0, fixed 2.25.2
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: introduced 2.25.0, fixed 2.25.2
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: introduced 2.25.0, fixed 2.25.2
  • Maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: introduced 2.23.0, fixed 2.23.6
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: introduced 2.23.0, fixed 2.23.6
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: introduced 2.23.0, fixed 2.23.6
  • Maven org.geoserver.web:gs-web-app: introduced 0, fixed 2.22.6
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wfs: introduced 0, fixed 2.22.6
  • Maven org.geoserver:gs-wms: introduced 0, fixed 2.22.6

Read on 2026-11-03T01:55:38.562Z under licence ghsa-cc-by-4.0@9e5f1b3c from https://api.osv.dev/v1/vulns/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv

Defensive techniques (MITRE D3FEND)

D3FEND maps these defensive techniques to the weakness (CWE) that NVD lists for this CVE, through the digital artifacts the weakness affects. D3FEND does not say they stop this vulnerability.

CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

D3FEND ontology version 1.6.0.

Read on 2026-11-02T23:54:29.667Z under licence d3fend-terms-of-use@f98cbc7e from https://d3fend.mitre.org/api/weakness/cwe/CWE-94.json

CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

D3FEND ontology version 1.6.0.

Read on 2026-11-02T23:54:31.209Z under licence d3fend-terms-of-use@f98cbc7e from https://d3fend.mitre.org/api/weakness/cwe/CWE-95.json

MITRE D3FEND™ knowledge graph. © 2025 The MITRE Corporation.
"The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use D3FEND for research, development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy." Terms: https://d3fend.mitre.org/tou/

Sources and licences

  • CISA

    Source: CISA Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, version 2026.10.30, CC0 1.0. Use of this data does not imply endorsement by CISA or DHS.

    CC0 1.0 Universal

  • National Vulnerability Database (NIST)

    This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.

    NVD API Terms of Use (NIST publications in the public domain, 17 U.S.C. 105)

  • CVE Program, The MITRE Corporation

    Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation. CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy.

    CVE Program Terms of Use ("CVE Usage" licence)

  • GitHub Advisory Database

    Source: GitHub Advisory Database, https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Changes: fields selected and reformatted by ransomware-tracker.com.

    CC BY 4.0

  • GitHub Advisory Database via OSV.dev

    GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv: GitHub Advisory Database, https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), provided as is, without warranties. Retrieved via OSV.dev (https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv), which enriches records; fields selected and reformatted by ransomware-tracker.com.

    CC BY 4.0

  • MITRE D3FEND

    MITRE D3FEND™ knowledge graph. © 2025 The MITRE Corporation.
    "The MITRE Corporation (MITRE) hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use D3FEND for research, development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy." Terms: https://d3fend.mitre.org/tou/

    MITRE D3FEND Terms of Use (site + knowledge graph); source repo MIT

Cite this page

Dragons Eye Ransomware Tracker, "CVE-2024-36401: OSGeo GeoServer GeoTools Eval Injection Vulnerability",
entity page, dataset version ref-637c6c57bf45, updated 2026-11-02T23:39:54.475Z,
https://ransomware-tracker.com/cve/CVE-2024-36401 (accessed 2026-11-03).
Underlying source: CISA Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, version 2026.10.30.
Underlying source: National Vulnerability Database (NIST), CVE API 2.0, record last modified 2026-06-17T07:36:38.833.
Underlying source: CVE List (CVE Program, The MITRE Corporation), record updated 2025-10-21T22:56:21.450Z.
Underlying source: GitHub Advisory Database, GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv, updated 2025-10-22T19:25:55Z.
Underlying source: GitHub Advisory Database, GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv, via OSV.dev, modified 2026-02-04T02:50:40.504245Z.
Underlying source: MITRE D3FEND, ontology version 1.6.0.

Pages change. The dataset version identifies the data, but no archive of old versions is kept, so this citation cannot be replayed later.

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